Artificial intelligence transforms education through personalized learning pathways, intelligent tutoring systems, and automated assessment mechanisms addressing individual student needs at scale. Adaptive learning platforms employ machine learning algorithms analyzing student interactions - response accuracy, time spent, problem- solving strategies - to dynamically adjust content difficulty, suggest remedial materials, and optimize learning sequences. Natural language processing enables conversational AI tutors providing instant feedback, answering questions in natural language, and generating explanations tailored to student knowledge levels. Computer vision applications include handwriting recognition for mathematics and science problem solving, enabling automated grading while providing step-by-step feedback identifying conceptual errors. Learning analytics dashboards aggregate student performance data, identifying struggling students requiring intervention and successful teaching strategies worthy of replication. Intelligent content generation systems create practice problems, quizzes, and educational materials customized to curriculum requirements and student proficiency levels, reducing teacher workload for routine tasks. Virtual reality and augmented reality integration powered by AI creates immersive educational experiences - exploring molecular structures in chemistry, historical site reconstructions, or complex machine operation simulations - enhancing engagement and retention. Language learning applications employ speech recognition and natural language generation enabling conversational practice with AI partners providing pronunciation feedback and grammar corrections. Accessibility features including real- time transcription, sign language translation, and text simplification ensure educational equity for diverse learners. Challenges include algorithmic bias potentially reinforcing educational inequities, privacy concerns regarding student data collection, and the need for teacher training integrating AI tools effectively into pedagogical practice.