Coalbed Methane extraction recovers natural gas adsorbed within coal seams, providing clean energy while potentially enhancing coal mine safety and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. CBM forms during coalification when organic matter generates methane that adsorbs onto the extensive internal surface area of coal (up to 200 m²/g). Commercial CBM production employs vertical or horizontal wells drilled into coal seams, followed by dewatering to reduce reservoir pressure and enable methane desorption and flow. Primary recovery typically extracts 30-60% of gas-in-place, with enhanced CBM recovery (ECBM) techniques including CO2 injection, nitrogen injection, or microbial stimulation increasing recovery factors to 70-90%. CO2-ECBM offers particular promise, permanently sequestering CO2 (adsorbed at twice the rate of methane) while displacing methane for production – a carbon-negative energy production pathway. CBM reservoirs differ fundamentally from conventional natural gas fields: permeability exists primarily through natural fracture networks (cleats), gas storage occurs via adsorption rather than free gas, and production requires active water management with dewatering continuing throughout field life.